LNP/BP Standards
  • List of specifications
  • Commitment schemes
    • LNPBP-1: Public keys
    • LNPBP-2: Script
    • LNPBP-3: Tx output
    • LNPBP-4: Multi-protocol
    • LNPBP-6: PayTweak
    • LNPBP-12: TapRet
    • LNPBP-8: Single-use-seals
    • LNPBP-10: TxO seals
    • LNPBP-81: Tagged Merkle trees
  • Bitcoin Protocol
    • LNPBP-5: Short tx ids
  • RGB
    • LNPBP-13: RGB consensus
    • RGB-20: Fungible assets
    • RGB-21: NFT collectibles
    • RGB-22: Digital identity
    • RGB-23: Audit logs
    • RGB-24: Domain names
    • LNPBP-31: Standard contractum lib
    • LNPBP-37: Invoices (rejected)
  • Lightning network protocol
    • LNPBP-46: LN derivations
    • LNPBP-50: Bifrost P2P
    • LNPBP-51: Bifrost channels
    • LNPBP-53: Multipeer channels
    • LNPBP-55: Bifrost HTLCs
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  • Abstract
  • Background
  • Motivation
  • Design
  • Specification
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  • Rationale
  • Reference implementation
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Copyright
  • Test vectors
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  1. Commitment schemes

LNPBP-81: Tagged Merkle trees

LNPBP: 0081
Vertical: Cryptographic primitives
Title: Tagged merkle trees for client-side-validation
Author: Dr Maxim Orlovsky  <orlovsky@protonmail.ch>,
        Peter Todd
Comments-URI: https://github.com/LNP-BP/lnpbps/issues/<____>
Status: Draft
Type: Standards Track
Created: 2021-05-11
License: CC0-1.0

  • Abstract

  • Background

  • Motivation

  • Design

  • Specification

  • Compatibility

  • Rationale

  • Reference implementation

  • Acknowledgements

  • References

  • Copyright

  • Test vectors

Abstract

Background

Motivation

Problems with modern merkle trees:

  • Depth extension attack: no commitment to the tree depth

Design

Based on bitcoin merklization with following modifications:

  • Tagged hashing for source data

  • Tagged hashing of each tree object

  • Commitments to depth, width and height of the tree

  • Custom placeholders for empty objects

  • Restricting tree source to 2^16 elements (height is always <=16)

Specification

Compatibility

Rationale

Reference implementation

Acknowledgements

References

Copyright

This document is licensed under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal license.

Test vectors

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Last updated 2 years ago